Nga ekitundu ekikulu mu makolero ag'omulembe n'ebintu ebikozesebwa, enkola y'okukola dizayini emabega w'emidumu egy'ekyuma egy'enkulungo esukka ku kumala kutuuma "ebizimbe eby'omu ttulu." Wabula, erimu enkola ya yinginiya entegeke ekwataganya ssaayansi w’ebintu, emisingi gy’ebyuma, enkola y’okukola, n’ebyetaago by’okukozesa. Okuva ku byetaago by'okuziyiza puleesa mu payipu za woyiro ne ggaasi okutuuka ku kuziyiza okusala ebyetaago by'emisingi gya payipu z'omutala okutuuka ku kukyusakyusa mu kifo ebizimbe by'ebizimbe, dizayini ya payipu z'ekyuma eky'enkulungo bulijjo yeetooloola ebintu bisatu ebikulu: "okusobola okukyusa emirimu," "okwesigamizibwa kw'enzimba," ne "eby'enfuna ebikola," okusukkulumya omuwendo okuyita mu bbalansi ekyukakyuka.
I. Omulimu-Orgored: Okunnyonnyola "Ebipimo Ebikulu" okusinziira ku byetaago .
Omutendera ogusooka mu dizayini ya payipu y'ekyuma eky'ekika kya spiral kwe "kusooka okuzuula enkola." Ebitundu eby’enjawulo eby’okukozesa biteeka ebyetaago eby’enjawulo ku nkola ya payipu z’ebyuma. Payipu za woyiro ne ggaasi zirina okugumira puleesa enkulu (ezisinga obunene okusinga oba ezenkanawa ne 6 MPa) era ziziyiza okukulukuta okuva mu bitundu eby’omunda (nga okukulukuta kwa sulfide stress okuva mu mafuta agatali malongoose). N’olwekyo, ebikulu ebirina okukulembezebwa mulimu obuwanvu bw’ekisenge (nga tukozesa okukebera amazzi (hydrostatic testing) okuteebereza obuwanvu bw’ekisenge obutono), anti-okukulukuta kw’amazzi (nga 3PE coating oba epoxy powder coating), n’amaanyi g’obukoowu bwa weld. Ku luuyi olulala, payipu z’ekyuma ezitambula (spiral steel pipes) ezikozesebwa mu bizimbe by’okuzimba (nga ebitundu by’omutala eby’ekiseera oba ebitundu by’ekisenge ky’ekifo) ziteeka essira ddene ku musalaba-obutakola bulungi (okukosa okubeebalama n’okuziyiza okw’enjawulo), okulongoosa ku ngulu (anti-okusiiga langi oba okuyungibwa ku flange-Dip galvaning), n’okukwatagana n’okuyunga okw’awamu (okukwatagana kw’awamu oba okuyunga ku flange oba okuyunga ku flange as flange as flange as flange as flange .
Enkola eno ey'okukola "obwetaavu-esooka" evvuunula "ebigendererwa ebikola" mu bipimo ebisobola okupimibwa. Okugeza, mu pulojekiti empanvu-ebanga ez’okutambuza amafuta ne ggaasi, abakola dizayini bakozesa okukoppa kw’enkyukakyuka y’amazzi okubala ensaasaanya ya puleesa ey’omunda mu payipu. Nga balowooza ku mbeera z’eby’ettaka (nga okusenga kw’omusingi mu bitundu bya permafrost oba okugaziwa kw’ebbugumu n’okukonziba mu bitundu by’eddungu), bisalawo ekifo ekikkirizibwa eky’okunyigirizibwa kw’ekyuma (hoop stress range) ku payipu y’ekyuma. Mu nkomerero, zifuna okufuga okwetaagisa okwetaagisa ku spiral welds (okusinga entono oba okwenkana 2mm okukendeeza ku stress concentration), omugerageranyo ogusinga obulungi ogwa payipu diameter ku bbugwe obuwanvu (okugeza, DN1000 payipu mu ngeri entuufu erina obuwanvu bw’ekisenge bwa 8-16mm), n’okutuuka okutuufu obuzito buli mita ( okwewala okutambuza okusukkiridde).
II. Obugezi mu nsengeka: Ekyama eky’ebyuma eky’okukola spiral .
Enjawulo enkulu wakati wa payipu y'ekyuma eky'ekika kya spiral ne payipu y'ekyuma ekigolokofu eri mu nkola yaayo ey'enjawulo ey'okukola "spiral continuous welding"-Epulati z'ekyuma zikookolibwa ne ziweweeza ku layini ya spiral okukola payipu. Enkola eno yennyini erimu dizayini ya makanika w’enzimba ey’amagezi.
Okusinziira ku ndowooza y’ebyuma, weld ya spiral eddukira ku nkoona emu (mu ngeri entuufu 50℃-75℃) okutuuka ku kisenge kya payipu. Empisa eno eya "oblique load" ekakasa okusaasaana kw'okunyigirizibwa okusingawo mu kitundu kya weld nga kufunye puleesa ey'omunda. Okugerageranya ku payipu y’ekyuma ekigolokofu (nga omusono gwa weld guli perpendicular ku axial direction, kyangu okufuuka stress concentration point), spiral steel payipu esobola okutuuka ku 15%-20% okweyongera mu circumferential load-okubeezaawo (ebipimo data). Kino kifuula naddala okusaanira-diameter (DN1200 n’okudda waggulu) n’emidumu egy’ewala egya puleesa enkulu. Ekirala, enkola y’okukola spiral ekuuma obuwuzi obugenda mu maaso mu kyuma (obutafaananako payipu y’ekyuma ekigolokofu, eyeetaaga okusala n’okuyunga ebbakuli y’ekyuma okumala ebbanga eddene), okulongoosa ennyo okuziyiza okukosebwa okutwalira awamu n’obulamu bw’obukoowu.
Okulonda helix angle nakyo kyetaaga okulowoozebwako mu kiseera kya dizayini. Enkoona entono ennyo ejja kukaluubiriza okukwataganya empenda z’ekyuma ezikola (ekyuma plate edges mu kiseera ky’okukola (okukosa omutindo gwa weld), ate enkoona ennene ennyo ejja kwongera omugugu ku kyuma ekiyiringisibwa pulati n’okukendeeza ku bugumu bwa radial bwa payipu. Bayinginiya mu ngeri entuufu bakozesa okwekenneenya kwa finite element (FEA) okukoppa engabanya ya situleesi ku nkoona ez’enjawulo ez’omu nnyindo okukkakkana ng’ozudde enkoona ennungamu ekakasa byombi okukola obulungi n’amaanyi g’enzimba ebyetaago.
iii. Okukyusa mu kukola: okulongoosa producibility mu constraints .
Design teyinza kwawukanye ku manufacturing realities. Endowooza y’okukola dizayini ya payipu y’ekyuma kya spiral erina okubeeramu okulowooza ennyo ku ngeri y’okukolamu enkola. Okugeza, okulonda ekyuma ekigimusa eky’ekyuma kulina okutebenkeza amaanyi n’okuweta. Wadde nga ekyuma kya payipu eky’amaanyi ennyo-kisobola okukendeeza ku buwanvu bw’ekisenge era bwe kityo n’ebisale by’ebintu, ekyenkanankana kyakyo ekya kaboni omungi kyetaagisa okufuga okukakali okw’okuyingiza ebbugumu mu kiseera ky’okuweta (okwewala enjatika ennyogovu). N'olwekyo, "eddirisa ly'enkola y'okukola" erigazi literekebwa mu kiseera kya dizayini (okugeza, nga twongera ku buwanvu bw'olukonko oluzibu olw'ekisenge oba okutereeza ebipimo bya kasasiro ne vvulovumenti).
Ekirala, obukwakkulizo bw’entambula ku payipu ennene-diameter spiral steel (okugeza, dayamita ya payipu esinga obunene ku ntambula y’oku nguudo okutwalira awamu eba ntono oba yenkana 3M, era payipu ezisukka ekkomo lino erina okukolebwa mu bitundu n’oluvannyuma ne ziweebwa ku -site) era zisobola okukwata obubi ku dizayini. Singa pulojekiti yeetaaga payipu emu, ey'enjawulo-ng'ewanvu (nga ensengeka y'okuwagira omukutu gw'oku nnyanja), omukubi w'ebifaananyi ayinza okulonda eky'okugonjoola "Segmented Spiral + Flanky Connection". Nga tulongoosa ensengeka y’ekinnya kya flankisi n’enkoona y’okungulu ey’okusiba, eky’okugonjoola kino kituukiriza ebyetaago by’entambula nga bwe kikakasa nti-obutuufu bw’okuteeka mu kifo.
Ekisingawo n’okusingawo kwe kussaamu endowooza za "green manufacturing": dizayini za payipu ez’omulembe ez’ekyuma ekiyitibwa spiral zikulembeza ebintu ebisobola okuddamu okukozesebwa (nga Q235B carbon steel) n’okukendeeza ku nkozesa y’ekyuma nga tulongoosa obuwanvu bw’ekisenge (ku buli 1mm okukendeeza ku buwanvu bw’ekisenge, obuzito buli mita bukendeera nga 6%-). Okufuga okunyweza weld tekikoma ku kukwata ku kugabanya situleesi wabula era kikendeeza ku bungi bw’okusenya okwetaagisa mu kiseera ky’okusiiga ekiziyiza ekiziyiza okukulukuta okuddirira, mu ngeri etali ya butereevu kikendeeza ku kaboni afulumira mu bbanga.
Okumaliriza: Endowooza ya yinginiya mu dynamic balance .
Enteekateeka ya payipu y'ekyuma eky'ekika kya spiral mu bukulu nkola ya kunoonya eky'okugonjoola ekisinga obulungi wakati wa "ebyetaago by'emirimu," "obukuumi bw'enzimba," ne "omuwendo gw'okukola." Kino kyetaagisa bayinginiya okufuga obulungi eby’obugagga by’ebintu (okugeza, okumanya amaanyi g’amakungula g’ekyuma kya Q345B kiri 345 MPa, ekikwatagana n’okunyigirizibwa okukkirizibwa ku buwanvu bw’ekisenge obw’enjawulo), awamu n’okutegeera okw’amaanyi okw’obuzibu bw’enkola (nga ekkomo ku buwanvu bwa koyilo obusinga obunene obw’ekyuma ekikola welding eky’ekika kya spiral). Ekirala, endowooza ya "full lifecycle" nsonga nkulu nnyo (okuva ku kukola, okutambuza, okuteeka, okutuuka ku nkola n'okuddaabiriza).
Payipu y'ekyuma eky'ekika kya spiral bw'egumira waggulu -entambula mu payipu y'amafuta ne ggaasi mu ddungu, eziyiza okukosebwa kw'amayengo mu musingi gw'entuumu ogw'omusalaba-omutala gw'ennyanja, oba kiwagira ensengekera y'ekifo mu kisenge ky'ekisaawe, kwe kukozesa ekiwujjo kya scialcal {2} kino nga kipikirizibwa omusingi gwa scilality {2} kino kiyinza okuba nga kye kipimira ekirungo ekikulu eky'okubalirira kwa scialliya {2} kino nga kibeera kya scilical valued ; Enkola z’okufuula ebitundu by’ebyuma omutala ogwesigika okuyunga ebyetaago n’ebituufu.
